{"id":6878,"date":"2023-03-27T21:43:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-27T18:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterbase.com\/es\/es\/es\/es\/es\/?p=6878"},"modified":"2023-12-24T20:50:52","modified_gmt":"2023-12-24T18:50:52","slug":"kas-yra-vishing-apibrezimas-prevencijos-metodai-ir-geriausia-praktika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterbase.com\/lt\/que-es-el-vishing-definicion-metodos-y-mejores-practicas-de-prevencion\/masterbase\/","title":{"rendered":"Kas yra \"Vishing\"? Apibr\u0117\u017eimas, metodai ir geriausia prevencijos praktika"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kas yra \"Vishing\"?<\/h2>\n

\"Vishing\" apibr\u0117\u017eiamas kaip kibernetinio saugumo ataka, kai piktavalis susisiekia su auka telefonu ir bando \u012fgyti aukos pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 naudodamasis socialin\u0117s in\u017einerijos metodais, kad gaut\u0173 konfidenciali\u0173 duomen\u0173, i\u0161viliot\u0173 l\u0117\u0161\u0173 ar kitaip pakenkt\u0173 asmeniui.<\/p>\n

Tai i\u0161 esm\u0117s yra suk\u010diavimo ataka, vykdoma per balso \u017einiasklaid\u0105, tod\u0117l ji vadinama \"vishing\" ataka.<\/p>\n

Vi\u0161ingo atakos mechanizmas<\/h2>\n

Vi\u0161ingo paslaugos paprastai b\u016bna skubus arba nerim\u0105 keliantis skambutis. Pavyzd\u017eiui, skambinantysis gali teigti, kad buvo \u012fsilau\u017eta \u012f aukos s\u0105skait\u0105 ir kad jam reikia PIN kodo, kad patvirtint\u0173 savo tapatyb\u0119 arba i\u0161 naujo atidaryt\u0173 s\u0105skait\u0105.<\/p>\n

Jie taip pat gali teigti, kad skambina vyriausybin\u0117s agent\u016bros, pavyzd\u017eiui, Vidaus pajam\u0173 tarnybos (IRS) arba Socialinio draudimo administracijos, vardu. Jie net gali tvirtinti, kad auka yra skolinga pinig\u0173 arba laim\u0117jo konkurs\u0105.<\/p>\n

Visi \u0161ie atvejai yra \"vishing\" (kaip aptarta, tai fraz\u0117, kurioje susimai\u0161o \u017eod\u017eiai \"balsas\" ir \"phishing\", rei\u0161kiantys telefonin\u012f suk\u010diavim\u0105). Phishing - tai terminas, kuriuo apib\u016bdinamos bet kokios kibernetini\u0173 nusikalt\u0117li\u0173 pastangos apgaul\u0117s b\u016bdu priversti \u017emones perduoti pinigus, asmeninius duomenis ar slapt\u0105 informacij\u0105. Pana\u0161iai suk\u010diavimui vykdyti gali b\u016bti naudojamas ir elektroninis pa\u0161tas bei trump\u0173j\u0173 \u017einu\u010di\u0173 ar tekstini\u0173 prane\u0161im\u0173 sistemos (\"smishing\").<\/p>\n

\"Vishing\" - tai kibernetinis nusikaltimas, kai nusikalt\u0117liai naudojasi auk\u0173 telefonais, kad i\u0161gaut\u0173 informacij\u0105, kuri pakenkt\u0173 asmeniui arba b\u016bt\u0173 naudinga nusikalt\u0117liui.<\/p>\n

Kibernetiniai suk\u010diai naudoja sud\u0117tingus socialin\u0117s in\u017einerijos metodus, kad \u012ftikint\u0173 aukas pateikti asmeninius duomenis ir net prieig\u0105 prie banko s\u0105skait\u0173 ar komercini\u0173 paslap\u010di\u0173. Kaip ir \"smishing\" bei \"phishing\", taip ir \"vishing\" pagrindinis tikslas yra \u012ftikinti aukas, kad skambinan\u010diojo reikalavim\u0173 vykdymas yra teisinga reakcija. Skambinantieji da\u017enai prisistato vald\u017eios institucijomis, mokes\u010di\u0173 agent\u016bra, aukos finans\u0173 \u012fstaiga ar policija.<\/p>\n

\u0160ios taktikos s\u0117km\u0117 priklauso nuo veiksmingos socialin\u0117s in\u017einerijos, t. y. asmens psichologijos i\u0161naudojimo siekiant sukurti \u012ftikinam\u0105 poveik\u012f. Vishingo vykdytojai naudoja grasinimus arba teigiam\u0105 \u012ftikin\u0117jim\u0105, kad aukos jaust\u0173si privalan\u010dios pateikti pra\u0161om\u0105 informacij\u0105. Nukent\u0117jusieji taip pat gali gauti grasinan\u010dias balso \u017einutes, kuriose jiems sakoma, kad jei jie tinkamai neatsilieps, jiems gresia baud\u017eiamasis persekiojimas arba banko s\u0105skait\u0173 \u012f\u0161aldymas.<\/p>\n

Kaip veikia vishing?<\/h2>\n

Suk\u010diavimo atak\u0173 vykdytojai da\u017enai naudoja skambinan\u010diojo ID suklastojim\u0105, kad apgaut\u0173 aukas ir priverst\u0173 jas patik\u0117ti, jog skambinama i\u0161 patikimos \u012fmon\u0117s arba vietinio rajono kodo.<\/p>\n

Jie da\u017enai veikia kaip patikimi subjektai, kad apgaule priverst\u0173 aukas dalytis savo duomenimis. Pavyzd\u017eiui, jie gali apsimesti banko ar kredito korteli\u0173 agent\u016bros vadovu, kreditoriumi ar mokes\u010di\u0173 inspekcijos atstovu. \u0160ie suk\u010diai sukuria skubos jausm\u0105, kai numanoma auka atsiliepia telefonu, kad pasinaudot\u0173 jos jausmais ir priverst\u0173 j\u0105 atsakyti \u012f reikalavimus.<\/p>\n

Vi\u0161ininkyst\u0117 gali b\u016bti \u012fvairi\u0173 form\u0173, ta\u010diau tikslas visada tas pats: apgaul\u0117s b\u016bdu priversti auk\u0105 atskleisti asmenin\u0119 informacij\u0105, siekiant pinigin\u0117s naudos arba \u012fvykdyti kitus nusikaltimus, pavyzd\u017eiui, tapatyb\u0117s vagyst\u0119.<\/p>\n

Viena i\u0161 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173, kod\u0117l \u0161ios atakos gali b\u016bti \u012ftikinamos, yra ta, kad suk\u010diai gali naudoti i\u0161 kit\u0173 \u0161altini\u0173 gaut\u0105 asmenin\u0119 informacij\u0105, kad bandymai apgauti atrodyt\u0173 teis\u0117ti.<\/p>\n

Da\u017eniausiai pasitaikantys \"vishing\" tipai<\/h2>\n

1. Pasirinkimas i\u0161 Wardialing<\/strong><\/p>\n

2. VoIP pagr\u012fstos atakos<\/strong><\/p>\n

3. Skambinan\u010diojo ID suklastojimas<\/strong><\/p>\n

4. \u0160iuk\u0161li\u0173 \u0161alinimas konteineriuose<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Pasirinkimas i\u0161 Wardialing<\/strong><\/p>\n

Renkant numerius naudojamos \u012fvairios technologijos, kuriomis automati\u0161kai greitai i\u0161 eil\u0117s surenkama daug telefono numeri\u0173, paprastai siekiant aptikti saugumo ir IT infrastrukt\u016bros sprag\u0173.<\/p>\n

Nor\u0117dami rasti neapsaugotus modemus, \u012fsilau\u017e\u0117liai da\u017enai naudoja parinkimo \u012frankius, kartais vadinamus \"parinkimo \u012frankiais\" arba \"demon\u0173 rinkikliais\". Tai u\u017etrunka labai nedaug laiko<\/p>\n

tai padaryti, jei suk\u010diai suranda numeri\u0173, kurie yra prijungti prie modem\u0173, s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105.<\/p>\n

2. VoIP pagr\u012fstos atakos<\/strong><\/p>\n

Balso ir daugialyp\u0117s terp\u0117s turinio perdavimas interneto ry\u0161iu vadinamas balso per interneto protokol\u0105 (VoIP). Naudotojai gali skambinti balsu naudodamiesi VoIP per kompiuterius, i\u0161maniuosius telefonus, kitas skaitmenines platformas, pavyzd\u017eiui, VoIP telefonus ir interneto realaus laiko ry\u0161io (WebRTC) svetaines.<\/p>\n

\"VoIP\" yra naudinga technologija tiek privatiems asmenims, tiek \u012fmon\u0117ms, nes da\u017enai turi papildom\u0173 galimybi\u0173, kuri\u0173 n\u0117ra tradicin\u0117se telefono ry\u0161io sistemose. Ji taip pat naudinga \u012fmon\u0117ms kaip komunikacijos suvienodinimo priemon\u0117.<\/p>\n

Deja, nes\u0105\u017einingi asmenys gali pasinaudoti \"VoIP\" ir inicijuoti \"vishing\" atakas. U\u017epuolikas u\u017eregistruoja domen\u0105 ir sukuria apgaulingus puslapius, kurie primena organizacijos tinklo prisijungimo puslap\u012f. D\u0117l to atrodo, kad gr\u0117sm\u0117s veik\u0117jo inicijuoti VoIP skambu\u010diai kyla i\u0161 to paties tinklo. Be to, kadangi \"VoIP\" da\u017enai reikalauja daugiafaktorinio autentifikavimo, skambintojas gali papra\u0161yti aukos apsilankyti apgaulingame puslapyje ir pasidalyti savo duomenimis.<\/p>\n

3. Skambinan\u010diojo ID suklastojimas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Skambinantysis ty\u010dia suklastoja \u012feinan\u010dio skambu\u010dio ekrane siun\u010diam\u0105 informacij\u0105, kad nusl\u0117pt\u0173 savo tapatyb\u0119. Suk\u010diai da\u017enai naudoja \"kaimyno suklastojimo\" metod\u0105, kad skambinan\u010diojo ID atrodyt\u0173, jog skambinama i\u0161 vietinio numerio, arba apsimeta \u012fmone ar valstybine institucija, kuria auka jau pasitiki.<\/p>\n

Jei \u012f tok\u012f skambut\u012f atsiliepiama, u\u017epuolikas bando pavogti l\u0117\u0161as arba svarbius duomenis, kuriuos galima panaudoti suk\u010diavimui. Suk\u010di\u0173 scenarijai yra svarbi skambinan\u010diojo ID suklastojimo atak\u0173 dalis, nes jie dar labiau sustiprina \u012fsitikinim\u0105, kad skambinantysis yra teis\u0117tas.<\/p>\n

4. \u0160iuk\u0161li\u0173 \u0161alinimas konteineriuose<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lengva ir populiari priemon\u0117 rinkti \"vishing\" auk\u0173 kontaktin\u0119 informacij\u0105 - nar\u0161yti po bank\u0173, \u012fmoni\u0173 pastat\u0173 ir kit\u0173 \u012fstaig\u0173 \u0161iuk\u0161li\u0173 d\u0117\u017ees (tiek fizines, tiek skaitmenines).<\/p>\n

Nusikalt\u0117liai gali surinkti pakankamai informacijos i\u0161 susmulkint\u0173 dokument\u0173, i\u0161mest\u0173 saugojimo \u012frengini\u0173, sen\u0173 kalendori\u0173, fotokopij\u0173 ir pan., kad gal\u0117t\u0173 surengti \u012f tem\u0105 orientuot\u0105 \"spear-phishing\" atak\u0105.<\/p>\n

Suk\u010diavimo atak\u0173 prevencija: a\u0161tuonios geriausios praktikos 2022 m.<\/p>\n

Kai asmuo tampa \"vishing\" atakos auka, sunku pakeisti jos poveik\u012f ir atgauti nuostolius. Net jei teis\u0117saugos institucijos nustato kaltinink\u0105, i\u0161ie\u0161koti \u017eal\u0105 yra sud\u0117tinga. Tod\u0117l labai svarbu imtis aktyvi\u0173 veiksm\u0173, kad b\u016bt\u0173 u\u017ekirstas kelias \"vishing\" atakoms, laikantis \u0161ios geriausios praktikos:<\/p>\n

Geroji praktika, kaip i\u0161vengti vishingo<\/h2>\n

1. Tur\u0117kite VPN ry\u0161\u012f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Virtualiuoju priva\u010diuoju tinklu (VPN) apsaugoma informacija, kuria dalijamasi internetu, ir suk\u010diams tampa sunkiau su\u017einoti j\u016bs\u0173 kontaktinius duomenis.<\/p>\n

VPN \u0161ifruoja tinklo sraut\u0105 ir siun\u010dia j\u012f saugiu tuneliu, kol pasiekia VPN server\u012f, kuris maskuoja savo IP adres\u0105. Tod\u0117l gr\u0117smi\u0173 k\u0117l\u0117jai ne\u017einos j\u016bs\u0173 buvimo vietos, tod\u0117l bus sunku vykdyti socialin\u0117s in\u017einerijos atakas. Numatoma auka gali tiesiog paklausti skambinan\u010diojo apie jo buvimo viet\u0105 ir patikrinti, ar skambutis yra teis\u0117tas.<\/p>\n

2. Atkreipkite d\u0117mes\u012f \u012f \"skubius\" skambu\u010dius.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kai skambinantysis sukuria skubos jausm\u0105, tur\u0117tum\u0117te tai laikyti raudona v\u0117liava. Pavyzd\u017eiui, skambintojai gali bandyti \u012ftikinti auk\u0105, kad ji gali patirti neigiam\u0173 pasekmi\u0173, jei i\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173 nedelsdama neperduos savo banko duomen\u0173 arba neapmok\u0117s neapmok\u0117tos s\u0105skaitos.<\/p>\n

Galite pakabinti ragel\u012f arba papra\u0161yti skambinan\u010diojo kontaktini\u0173 duomen\u0173 ir pasakyti, kad perskambinsite v\u0117liau. Jei tai suk\u010diai, skambinantysis paprastai darys didesn\u012f spaudim\u0105 arba pakabins ragel\u012f.<\/p>\n

3. Naudokite skambu\u010di\u0173 blokavimo \u012frankius\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Skambu\u010di\u0173 blokavimo \u012frankiai, populiariai vadinami skambu\u010di\u0173 filtrais, yra kompiuterin\u0117s programos, kurios aptinka automatinius skambu\u010dius. Jei tre\u010diosios \u0161alies subjektas taiko klaiding\u0173 skambu\u010di\u0173 metodus, skambu\u010di\u0173 blokavimo programa juos i\u0161kart nustato ir blokuoja.<\/p>\n

4. \u012egyvendinti vidaus procesus<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kas pakelia telefono ragel\u012f, kai suskamba bendrasis organizacijos numeris? Ar gali b\u016bti, kad jis lengvai pateks \u012f netinkamo darbuotojo rankas?<\/p>\n

Perduodant telefon\u0105 i\u0161 vieno naudotojo kitam, gali kilti sumai\u0161tis ir darbuotojai gali prarasti orientacij\u0105, kas yra kitame skambu\u010dio gale.<\/p>\n

Prireikus gali b\u016bti naudinga pasamdyti special\u0173 registratori\u0173, kuris atskirt\u0173 blogus nuo ger\u0173, ir u\u017etikrinti, kad visi darbuotojai patikrint\u0173, kas skambina, kai perduoda informacij\u0105 kitam asmeniui.<\/p>\n

Kita galimyb\u0117 - sukurti proces\u0105, kai gav\u0117jas, prie\u0161 perduodamas telefono ragel\u012f, tiesiogiai pasitvirtina su \"pra\u0161ytoju\" kitu oficialiu kanalu.<\/p>\n

5. U\u017etikrinkite, kad visuose \u012frenginiuose b\u016bt\u0173 \u012fdiegtas daugiafaktorinis autenti\u0161kumo patvirtinimas.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Naudoti auk\u0161to saugumo slapta\u017eod\u017eius yra labai gerai, ta\u010diau daugiapakopis autentifikavimas suteikia papildom\u0173 saugumo lygi\u0173, kurie u\u017etikrina, kad j\u016bs\u0173 paskyros neb\u016bt\u0173 galima pa\u017eeisti naudojant vien\u0105 slapta\u017eod\u012f.<\/p>\n

\"Google\" paskelb\u0117, kad iki 2021 m. 150 mln. naudotoj\u0173 bus privalomas daugiafaktorinis autenti\u0161kumo patvirtinimas, kad b\u016bt\u0173 u\u017etikrintas auk\u0161tesnis apsaugos nuo gr\u0117smi\u0173 lygis ir taip 50% suma\u017eintas pa\u017eeist\u0173 paskyr\u0173 skai\u010dius.<\/p>\n

I\u0161vada<\/h2>\n

Vi\u0161ininkyst\u0117 j\u016bs\u0173 organizacijai gali nekelti didelio susir\u016bpinimo, ta\u010diau tur\u0117t\u0173 kelti. Nesvarbu, kokia protinga ar paj\u0117gi yra j\u016bs\u0173 \u012fmon\u0117 ir j\u016bs\u0173 kolegos, socialin\u0117s in\u017einerijos taktikos yra pakankamai galingos, kad u\u017eklupt\u0173 bet kur\u012f \u017emog\u0173 nepasiruo\u0161us\u012f.<\/p>\n

Dabar, kai jau \u017einote apie \"vishing\", svarbu, kad \u0161ia informacija pasidalytum\u0117te su darbuotojais.<\/p>\n

Leiskite jiems \u017einoti, kad skambinan\u010diojo apklausa ir informacijos patikrinimas oficialiais kanalais gali b\u016bti skirtumas tarp saugi\u0173 duomen\u0173 ir kibernetinio incidento ar duomen\u0173 saugumo pa\u017eeidimo rizikos.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u0161ingo paslaugos paprastai b\u016bna skubus arba nerim\u0105 keliantis skambutis. Pavyzd\u017eiui, skambinantysis gali teigti, kad buvo \u012fsilau\u017eta \u012f aukos s\u0105skait\u0105 ir kad jam reikia PIN kodo, kad patvirtint\u0173 savo tapatyb\u0119 arba i\u0161 naujo atidaryt\u0173 s\u0105skait\u0105.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":239642484,"featured_media":7071,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1391],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciberseguridad"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el Vishing? 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